Rhizomes of Calamites

Calamites-trees had horizontally growing stems in the soil,
called rhizomes, from which new vertical axes sprang.
The pith of a new stem was funnel-shaped at the attachment.
Often the cavities have been filled up with sediment and then fossilized.

Pith cast of a rhizome with offshoot.
Eygelshoven (South Limburg, NL), Westfalian A/B.
Length of the rhizome 19 cm.

Rhizome of Calamites with rootlets of the type Pinnularia capillacea. Piesberg. Westfalian D. Height of the photo 6 cm.