(Seed) ferns from the Piesberg and Ibbenbüren With this key it should be possible to identify several ferns and seed ferns from the Upper Carboniferous (Westfalian B, C and D) of the Piesberg near Osnabrück and Ibbenbüren in Germany. The list is not complete and the number of used features is small. So always check the result using a more extensive description in a book like Josten: Die Steinkohlen-Floren Nordwestdeutschlands (1991) of Remy & Remy Die Floren des Erdaltertums (1987). All cited species occur in the Piesberg (Westfalian C and D) and/or in Ibbenbüren (Westfalian B and C). The photos are taken from specimens of my own collection. Table Click the matching group. the leaflets are neuropteris-like       contracted at the base, narrow attachment to the axis       the veins form a more or less clear midvein     the leaflets are pecopteris-like       broad attachment to the axis       veins coming from the midvein     the leaflets are alethopteris-like      decurrent and connected with each other      veins coming from the midvein and from the axis   the leaflets are sphenopteris-like       variously lobed or divided     the leaflets are mariopteris-like       leaflets or lobes more or less triangular        basal leaflet or lobe asymmetrical       Cyclopteris      mostly detached, rounded leaves      from small to very large      Aphlebia      usually detached, deeply divided leaves      from small to very large Top